Prevalence of extended-spectrum beta-lactamase producing Klebsiella: cross-sectional study, 2000-2021

INTRODUCTION: Increasing resistance due to extended-spectrum ß-lactamases (ESBLs) and multiple resistance mechanisms in gram-negative hospital isolates restrict the role of ß-lactam antibiotics in empirical treatment of serious infections. As the prevalence of ESBL producing strains and resistance rates to antimicrobial agents can vary in each center, local surveillance studies are required to guide therapy. In this study, the prevalence of ESBL-K hospitilazed population and the change of prevalence through years from 2000 to 2022.
METHODS: Klebsiella strains isolated between 2000 and 2022 years, were included. 2000 data was collected from two hospitals; one state and private group hospitals. The other whole data were collected only form private group hospitals. ESBL tests were performed according to CLSI and EUCAST guidelines.
RESULTS: ESBL positive Klebsiella strains were mostly commonly isolated from intensive care units and from sputum + tracheal aspirate (%41). Total prevalence of ESBL positive Klebsiella strains were 51.29%. The prevalence of 2000 years was high probably due to the different hospital /patient profile. By excluding the 2000 data, the prevalence were increasing by years; 15.38% at 2001 to 61.50% at 2021.
DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION: High prevalence of ESBL in Turkey was increasing by years. Our private hospitals data was lower than the other state hospitals in the Turkey. Diiferent hospital /patient profile could be the reason of low prevalence through precarity level, unnecessarily broad-spectrum antibiotic treatment, environmental contamination, kitchen hygiene and europian health turistic patients. More research must be done to clarify the reason of this differences.