Evaluation of the histopathological analysis and surgical indication of the gallbladder polyps determined by ultrasonography

INTRODUCTION: Since gallbladder polyps(GBP)may carry a risk of malignancy, their follow-up and treatment are of great importance.Today,many gallbladder polyps are diagnosed symptomatically or incidentally by ultrasonography.In this study,we examined the adequacy of the conditions that affect to surgical decision of gallbladder polyps that we operated in our clinic.
METHODS: The study was performed on 220 patients who were diagnosed with gallbladder polyp by abdominal ultrasonography and underwent laparoscopic cholecystectomy between October 2015 and October 2020.Patients with polyp size of 10 mm and above,patients with multiple polyps with smaller than 10 mm, patients with accompanied by stones and polyp, patients with who want to have surgery, patients with increased in polyp size during follow-up and patients with symptomatic were included in the study.Preoperative ultrasonography results, demographic characteristics,and postoperative pathology results of the patients were compared.
RESULTS: 61.8%(136) of the patients were female and 38.1%(84) were male,the mean age was 62.6 ± 9.5(23-83 years).The size of the polyps was 6.8±0.6mm(3-14).30.9%(68) of the patients had multiple polyps and 12.6%(28) had polyps 10 mm or more.In all of those with true polyps,the size of the polyp was greater than 10 mm.The most common histopathological diagnosis was cholesterol polyp on 37.3%(82) of patients,and the least common diagnose was adenomatous polyps were seen on 5.5%(12)of patients.
DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION: In our study,no malignancy was observed as a result of pathology in any patient we operated for polyp.Therefore,surgical decision of patients with gallbladder polyp should not be made only with ultrasonography and demographic features,different risk factors that predict malignancy need to be identified.