Assessment of Sleep Quality in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Case-control Study

INTRODUCTION: Introduction: Sleep disorders increase risk for impaired glucose tolerance, insulin resistance, type 2 diabetes mellitus through changes in hormone release involved in energy homeostasis; on the other hand, complications occurring in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus also lead sleep disorders. In the present study, it was aimed to assess sleep quality in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.

METHODS: Methods: The study included 40 patients (aged 18-65 years) diagnosed as type 2 diabetes mellitus (21 women; 19 men) and 42 healthy controls (26 women; 16 men). The data were collected using demographic data sheet, Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) in this case-control study.

RESULTS: Results: In patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus, total PSQI score and component scores for sleep duration, sleep disturbance, use of sleep medication and daytime dysfunction were significantly higher when compared to controls. In addition, the proportion of patients with poor sleep quality was significantly higher in the patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus compared to controls (82.5% vs. 59.5%; x2= 5.224, p=0.022). The age and BMI were higher in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus compared to controls.


DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION: Discussion and Conclusion: It was found that sleep quality was poorer in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. It is important to identify problems that may result from sleep disorders and adverse effects of type 2 diabetes mellitus on sleep quality. To achieve glucose control in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus, it is essential to improve sleep quality in addition to current approaches used in clinical practice.