The Effect of Hypertension and/or Diabetes on Blood Pressure and Heart Rate Changes in Patients Undergoing Oral Surgeries

INTRODUCTION: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of hypertension and/or diabetes on systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP) and heart rate (HR) changes of individuals during oral surgeries.
METHODS: This randomized observational study was conducted on patients undergone oral surgical procedures. The individuals were divided into 3 systemic disease groups. The group 1 consisted of only individuals with hypertension, the group 2 included individuals with hypertension and diabetes, and the group 3 consisted of only individuals with diabetes. Initial and final SBP, DBP and HR measurements according to age, gender and body mass index (BMI) between groups were analysed statistically. The statistical significance level was set at p<0.05.
RESULTS: Of the 414 patients aged 18-82 years included in the study, 38.2% were male and 61.8% were female. Outcomes of 271 patients undergone surgical procedures; the DBP change of the patients in the group 3 were significantly lower than that of those in the group 1 (p<0.01). The HR change of the patients in the group 1 was significantly higher than that of the patients in the groups 2 and 3 (p<0.05). The increase in the SBP of the patients in the group 2 was higher than that of the patients in the group 3 in patients under the age of 50 years (p<0.05).
DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION: In the literature, there was no study that evaluated the change in blood pressure and heart rate during surgery in diabetic patients.
Hypertension, diabetes, individual factors like BMI and age were effective in SBP, DBP and HR changes.